1 00:01:15,760 --> 00:01:19,320 Stockholm, 1990. 2 00:01:19,480 --> 00:01:26,680 Me, in my pram in a demonstration for the revolution in Peru. 3 00:01:27,680 --> 00:01:33,960 When I was little my told Peruvian father often about his sister Augusta. 4 00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:43,680 She was the heroine who started a revolution for the poor in Peru. 5 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:54,000 They called themselves 'Sendero Luminoso' - 'The Shining Path'. 6 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:59,280 It sounded like an exciting fairy tale. 7 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:06,760 Augusta married Sendero leader Abimael Guzman... 8 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:11,120 ...at home with grandparents in Ayacucho in the Andes. 9 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:19,320 Abimael is called 'President Gonzalo'. 10 00:02:23,520 --> 00:02:31,000 President Gonzalo leads People of the world to victory! 11 00:02:31,400 --> 00:02:40,080 We walk forward on an illuminated path and fighting until the end! 12 00:02:51,040 --> 00:02:53,240 Dad... 13 00:02:53,640 --> 00:02:56,880 You don't want me to shall make this trip. 14 00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:04,560 But I want to know the truth and I understand that it is no fairy tale. 15 00:03:10,040 --> 00:03:14,880 Are you afraid that I am not loyal to Sendero and Abimael… 16 00:03:15,320 --> 00:03:18,400 ...like the others in the family? 17 00:04:51,200 --> 00:04:55,240 Dad. Why don't you trust me? 18 00:04:56,800 --> 00:05:02,040 I want to understand why your sister started a war. 19 00:05:33,520 --> 00:05:38,920 Augusta is my relative, my niece. 20 00:05:39,400 --> 00:05:43,840 Your grandfather wrote a very beautiful letter to me. 21 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:49,160 He wrote that he longed for Peru. 22 00:05:49,840 --> 00:05:55,720 - Once he sent a photo. - By your family. 23 00:05:56,960 --> 00:06:02,760 Ohhh, there's my mom and my dad. 24 00:06:03,840 --> 00:06:08,200 He longed for Peru. 25 00:06:10,320 --> 00:06:15,400 It's almost thirty years since they left Peru. 26 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:21,440 I hope it doesn't happen again. 27 00:06:22,600 --> 00:06:28,080 It was terrible. All accused each other. It's him, it's her... 28 00:06:28,200 --> 00:06:33,720 People entered each other anyway and the army came without warning. 29 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:39,520 - Did your family suffer? - Yes, to the highest degree. 30 00:06:39,680 --> 00:06:45,720 Two of my brothers were imprisoned, accused of belonging to Sendero. 31 00:06:46,200 --> 00:06:54,560 They would be thrown out of a helicopter if they didn't tell the truth. 32 00:06:56,560 --> 00:07:00,560 They knew nothing. They were not involved. 33 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:08,520 They beat them and drowned them in water. My brother Mario died as a result. 34 00:07:10,440 --> 00:07:14,560 It happened here in Ayacucho. 35 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:28,560 - And what about Grandma Delia? - It's fine with her. 36 00:07:30,560 --> 00:07:35,200 But she would like to have some belongings from Augusta. 37 00:07:35,760 --> 00:07:40,840 Her belongings? It will be difficult. Who would give you judgment? 38 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:45,960 You will never get that. 39 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:58,760 Grandma really wants to know how Augusta died and where Abimael buried her. 40 00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:13,120 With the security police there is a few of Augusta's seized possessions… 41 00:08:13,800 --> 00:08:17,400 ...in a locked glass case. 42 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:20,400 A plastic rose... 43 00:08:20,880 --> 00:08:22,880 A wig... 44 00:08:23,280 --> 00:08:25,680 A wallet... 45 00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:33,800 “Gifts and personal effects belonging to it imprisoned the terrorist Augusta La Torre Carrasco…” 46 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:38,320 "... aka 'Comrade Norah' ". 47 00:08:41,560 --> 00:08:50,360 '...we resist heroically ...and give our life, for the party and the revolution...' 48 00:08:57,280 --> 00:09:03,240 They dreamed of justice in a country with chasms between rich and poor. 49 00:09:05,320 --> 00:09:09,040 But the dream came true terrible nightmare. 50 00:09:16,040 --> 00:09:21,040 IS ALL LOST FOR PERU? 51 00:09:22,760 --> 00:09:26,800 Sendero Luminoso started a civil war which lasted for twenty years… 52 00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:31,040 ...and brought Peru close a complete breakdown. 53 00:09:37,800 --> 00:09:42,480 The security police found the picture of Abimael at Augusta's vigil... 54 00:09:43,240 --> 00:09:47,400 ...in one of Sendero's hideouts. 55 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:04,360 Ever since Abiamel was imprisoned in 1992 he has refused to tell how Augusta died. 56 00:10:04,720 --> 00:10:07,080 And where the body is. 57 00:10:07,600 --> 00:10:10,720 Not even grandma gets to know. 58 00:10:15,600 --> 00:10:20,320 My father is Peruvian, from Ayacucho. And the whole family lives in Sweden. 59 00:10:20,800 --> 00:10:25,040 - And he is Augusta's brother. - I know. 60 00:10:25,680 --> 00:10:28,320 - Is he Sacha's little brother? - Yes. 61 00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:31,040 I was close friends with Sacha. 62 00:10:31,360 --> 00:10:37,720 We made protest posters together at your grandfather's house. 63 00:10:39,760 --> 00:10:42,440 And Augusta… 64 00:10:43,120 --> 00:10:45,600 ...what a rare beauty! 65 00:10:45,720 --> 00:10:54,080 Passionate, honest... ...without the slightest trace of hypocrisy. 66 00:10:54,320 --> 00:11:02,720 She always went straight to: 'But Carlos, what do you mean?' Out on the street! 67 00:11:04,240 --> 00:11:11,560 I think she was dominated by his aristocratic personality. 68 00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:20,560 ...one who wanted to be admired, typical for the old aristocratic Ayacucho. 69 00:11:23,240 --> 00:11:30,120 Augusta was always slightly behind Abimael. 70 00:11:30,600 --> 00:11:34,400 On the street. This is how they went. 71 00:11:42,080 --> 00:11:47,160 Dad. I have asked you so many times… 72 00:11:48,680 --> 00:11:53,440 ...what really happened here in Ayacucho. But you never told. 73 00:12:00,120 --> 00:12:03,040 I started searching for answers on your own. 74 00:12:06,040 --> 00:12:09,840 I got in touch with a filmmaker who worked for a long time in Peru. 75 00:12:17,600 --> 00:12:20,640 He had taken photographs the life of farmers in the Andes... 76 00:12:21,080 --> 00:12:25,880 ...in the seventies before the war began. 77 00:12:39,240 --> 00:12:47,000 - Do you remember who took the pictures? - That man over there. 78 00:12:47,280 --> 00:12:52,360 - He was young then. How is he now? - Like us. 79 00:12:52,960 --> 00:12:58,840 We will take several pictures. With me too. 80 00:13:06,160 --> 00:13:09,000 After so many years! 81 00:13:09,320 --> 00:13:15,320 He suggested that I come to Peru and meet Flor, who was a child during the war. 82 00:13:16,440 --> 00:13:20,720 Like me, she was looking for answers on the riddles of his childhood. 83 00:13:20,880 --> 00:13:25,760 - And here you are! - Sure. 84 00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:31,240 - There's my dad. - Yes, think. 85 00:13:31,880 --> 00:13:35,880 Peasant leader. 86 00:13:36,560 --> 00:13:40,600 So young you were dad. 87 00:13:45,680 --> 00:13:48,880 That's how I came to Peru for the first time in my life. 88 00:13:53,840 --> 00:13:58,200 At the beginning of the war, Flor fled and her family from the terror of the Andes. 89 00:14:01,200 --> 00:14:07,960 Just like hundreds of thousands of other farmers had them start their lives over in Lima's slums. 90 00:14:26,040 --> 00:14:30,760 When I get to Lima I am told that Flor doesn't really want to meet me. 91 00:14:35,880 --> 00:14:41,040 She thinks it was my family that started the war. 92 00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:50,440 It feels like I'm carrying everything which my family tried to sweep away. 93 00:14:53,320 --> 00:14:55,720 I'm afraid. 94 00:14:57,400 --> 00:15:00,240 Hi, this is Josefin. 95 00:15:04,480 --> 00:15:07,000 - Hello. - So she is? 96 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:13,600 - Flor, I have a few things for you and the family. - Oh, thank you! 97 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:24,360 - Her name is Josefin. - I also had a shirt like that when I was little. 98 00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:32,920 May I introduce Josefin. 99 00:15:33,080 --> 00:15:37,640 And this is Samuel, with which it all began. 100 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:39,960 So your mother is Swedish? 101 00:15:40,360 --> 00:15:44,400 - How good it smells! - So you liked it? 102 00:15:44,560 --> 00:15:49,000 Sure. French perfume! 103 00:15:49,200 --> 00:15:53,760 In the end we have to anyway start talking about the inevitable. 104 00:15:54,960 --> 00:16:00,440 Mikael has told about you... and your background. 105 00:16:00,960 --> 00:16:07,600 I was opposed to this. No, no and again no. 106 00:16:08,280 --> 00:16:12,800 Why? Because on something put it like that, not you but... 107 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:17,080 ...your father's family. 108 00:16:17,480 --> 00:16:22,440 A political responsibility for what happened. 109 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:31,640 They mobilized thousands of young people in a confused attempt at revolution... 110 00:16:32,360 --> 00:16:37,920 It led to the death of thousands. He was one of them. 111 00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:43,160 We lost one. There are families who lost all their children. 112 00:16:43,280 --> 00:16:49,040 And Abimael is directly responsible for what happened. 113 00:16:49,160 --> 00:16:55,160 And of course his closest.. In this case his wife. 114 00:17:10,600 --> 00:17:18,120 I am not in Peru to defend Sendero. I'm here to understand what happened. 115 00:17:18,640 --> 00:17:20,480 And why. 116 00:17:21,120 --> 00:17:27,160 I come with my eyes open. I don't know much... 117 00:17:28,560 --> 00:17:35,160 ...about what you have been involved in. 118 00:17:35,840 --> 00:17:40,160 But I'm here to understand. 119 00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:44,120 I think... 120 00:17:44,840 --> 00:17:50,840 ...that they themselves misled the revolution. 121 00:17:51,120 --> 00:17:57,280 With that is the party's mistake. Management's. 122 00:17:57,640 --> 00:18:04,360 When Sendero was shut down the population was affected by the violence. 123 00:18:06,720 --> 00:18:12,760 Claudio is also a consequence. He died... or disappeared. 124 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:16,720 And today we only have the photograph left. 125 00:18:25,800 --> 00:18:31,680 Flor constantly searches for the truth about his missing brother. 126 00:18:32,400 --> 00:18:37,440 She was the last in the family who met Claudio before he disappeared. 127 00:18:38,320 --> 00:18:40,720 At the time, Flor was only eight years old. 128 00:18:42,760 --> 00:18:47,600 Claudio started studying literature at the University. 129 00:18:49,600 --> 00:18:51,000 It was a political time. 130 00:18:52,160 --> 00:18:56,480 The police were constantly arresting students. 131 00:18:57,000 --> 00:19:00,480 Claudio was taken away in March 1986. 132 00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:06,240 He was accused of listen to Sendero Luminoso. 133 00:19:10,160 --> 00:19:13,080 One more story. 134 00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:17,160 Flor doesn't believe in the accusations against Claudio. 135 00:19:18,760 --> 00:19:24,000 She searches among his notes to understand what happened. 136 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:33,000 “Within him a deep was awakened compassion…” 137 00:19:33,240 --> 00:19:37,880 "...with the suffering. With the people of Earth." 138 00:19:38,040 --> 00:19:43,680 “And so it grew his father said in his mind." 139 00:19:45,720 --> 00:19:48,520 Claudio. 140 00:19:52,680 --> 00:20:00,080 Claudio. With father, who was still young. 141 00:20:01,320 --> 00:20:04,640 My son became a student. 142 00:20:04,840 --> 00:20:12,800 He was the first from the village who entered the university. 143 00:20:13,320 --> 00:20:16,960 My son was intelligent. Intelligent and compassionate. 144 00:20:17,200 --> 00:20:23,760 He enjoyed writing poetry. He wrote me poems too. 145 00:20:24,120 --> 00:20:31,240 Here is the manuscript of his stories: 'Fables from Two Kingdoms' 146 00:20:31,600 --> 00:20:35,440 ...which finally came out. 147 00:20:37,520 --> 00:20:45,640 To Samuel and Simeona, my beloved parents who taught me to never allow myself to be oppressed by anyone. 148 00:20:46,640 --> 00:20:49,800 And it's true. 149 00:20:59,320 --> 00:21:02,920 Claudio left behind their own words. 150 00:21:04,560 --> 00:21:08,480 Augusta just silence and a few pictures. 151 00:21:11,040 --> 00:21:15,280 Here are the pictures from my father's archive. 152 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:21,120 My father took photographs the middle class and the upper class. 153 00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:28,920 The poor rarely photographed themselves. Those there probably saved up money for it. 154 00:21:31,880 --> 00:21:37,760 I'm looking for the photographer who took the pictures at the wedding of Augusta and Abimael. 155 00:21:49,760 --> 00:21:56,880 Your aunt sometimes came to the photo studio… 156 00:21:57,080 --> 00:22:00,680 ...to get pictures for various documents. 157 00:22:00,920 --> 00:22:07,720 I remember her as a woman who could have gained prestige and status. 158 00:22:07,880 --> 00:22:12,200 But she had a lot strong social compassion. 159 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:18,520 And the situation in Ayacucho was difficult, with great social differences. 160 00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:26,000 Despite that, we were very surprised the change since she married Abimael Guzman. 161 00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:34,400 They chose the path of violence and wanted to change Peru by force of arms. Crush the state. 162 00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:42,360 This is surely the last the photo that was taken. 1973 or -74. 163 00:22:43,240 --> 00:22:47,840 In 1975 they went underground. 164 00:22:48,120 --> 00:22:52,240 And they were never seen again. 165 00:22:53,480 --> 00:22:58,640 Long live the Communist Party of Peru! 166 00:22:58,920 --> 00:23:03,680 Sendero started the armed rebellion among the farmers in the Andes in 1980. 167 00:23:05,400 --> 00:23:10,160 The army is sent to the mountains to crush the rebellion. 168 00:23:14,120 --> 00:23:18,120 They make no difference on guilty and innocent. 169 00:23:25,120 --> 00:23:28,600 The terror strikes its claws in the villages and towns of the Andes. 170 00:23:42,160 --> 00:23:47,360 Sendero responds with brutal violence and many innocents are killed. 171 00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:54,640 This is how extortionists and extortionists die! Long live the guerrilla war! 172 00:23:59,640 --> 00:24:03,360 I have some pictures of Augusta here. 173 00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:07,600 Let me see... 174 00:24:11,160 --> 00:24:14,960 Fantastic! A fantastic photo. 175 00:24:15,120 --> 00:24:20,440 Among the most important to me early war reports... 176 00:24:23,000 --> 00:24:25,720 ...where to find pictures of Guzman. But it was very difficult. 177 00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:33,520 I've never seen these pictures. It is very interesting. 178 00:24:35,640 --> 00:24:40,000 This is your grandfather, right? 179 00:24:40,200 --> 00:24:46,480 As you know, your grandfather was member of the Communist Party. 180 00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:51,480 The pro-Soviet. The classic. 181 00:24:51,760 --> 00:24:59,840 Don't forget she was very young. All she heard around her was… 182 00:25:00,160 --> 00:25:07,840 ...the idea of the great Soviet the victory of the fatherland from his father. 183 00:25:08,120 --> 00:25:15,360 And of Chairman Mao's triumph, from the much older husband Abimael. 184 00:25:16,000 --> 00:25:20,360 She had just finished a religious school. 185 00:25:21,640 --> 00:25:25,520 I try to understand her. 186 00:25:25,720 --> 00:25:31,720 And why she chose the path she chose, with those decisions. 187 00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:35,440 I think she was wrong. 188 00:25:35,640 --> 00:25:41,880 But she didn't for selfish reasons. 189 00:25:42,520 --> 00:25:47,600 At that time there were many good and talented people... 190 00:25:47,920 --> 00:25:55,480 ...who set off for the jungle and the mountains in various guerilla groups. 191 00:25:55,600 --> 00:26:01,360 And there they did things they could never imagine. 192 00:26:01,480 --> 00:26:07,520 Many of them died. If they were lucky, it went quickly. 193 00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:11,240 Other times in terrible ways. 194 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:18,680 I'm sitting in an interview. I'll call you later. 195 00:26:19,680 --> 00:26:25,360 It's good that you came to Peru and talked to people. 196 00:26:25,640 --> 00:26:29,040 I'm sure it was good for people to talk to you. 197 00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:35,080 I get the impression that it is hard for you to be here. 198 00:26:37,120 --> 00:26:41,040 Yes, it is difficult… It feels like I'm wearing it alone. 199 00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:45,960 I understand my father and the family. 200 00:26:46,080 --> 00:26:52,760 I'm here to do something they can't do. 201 00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:57,040 Therefore... 202 00:27:08,400 --> 00:27:12,760 Dad. You avoid my questions. 203 00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:17,560 You don't want to be in the movie. 204 00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:25,080 You say that what I tell you from Peru is not true. 205 00:27:28,280 --> 00:27:36,120 What has your family told you? about what happened here in Peru? 206 00:27:36,960 --> 00:27:43,880 For my family it is... the revolution and what happened in Peru also a wound. 207 00:27:44,120 --> 00:27:50,680 We also don't talk much about it… 208 00:27:51,480 --> 00:27:59,200 Ever since I was a child have I wanted to know more about Peru and Augusta. 209 00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:04,960 Maybe the truth hurts... 210 00:28:05,760 --> 00:28:14,080 She was a part of the armed rebellion they started. 211 00:28:14,240 --> 00:28:20,680 - She attended... - She was number two in management, after Abimael. 212 00:28:23,840 --> 00:28:30,920 We dig into Peru's most painful wounds. You want to hide it. 213 00:28:31,120 --> 00:28:40,640 You want to hide the wound although it is not at all healed. 214 00:28:41,040 --> 00:28:45,400 I understand that you have also been affected. 215 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:53,680 You may not have shared opinions with your aunt whom you have never met. 216 00:28:54,880 --> 00:29:00,960 Augusta was also a daughter, a sister… I don't understand... 217 00:29:01,440 --> 00:29:06,320 ...because I don't live in this one the reality. I live in Sweden. 218 00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:14,880 I have never experienced a civil war, an armed rebellion or people's war. 219 00:29:21,720 --> 00:29:26,800 Dad. Down there in the valley is the estate Iribamba. 220 00:29:28,560 --> 00:29:32,680 You grew up there together with Augusta. 221 00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:37,600 Everyone describes it like a paradise. 222 00:29:38,200 --> 00:29:43,920 Now it is abandoned and destroyed by it war that Augusta and Abimael started. 223 00:29:49,760 --> 00:29:56,840 Your grandmother's mother was a friend of my grandmother. We always came here on vacation. 224 00:29:57,840 --> 00:30:04,720 Over there were orange trees. We ate as much as we could. 225 00:30:05,320 --> 00:30:10,640 The oranges were sweet as honey. 226 00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:18,160 Augusta and I were the youngest and in the evenings... 227 00:30:19,280 --> 00:30:23,080 ...we got together and played 'zampay'. 228 00:30:23,480 --> 00:30:28,600 - 'Zampay'? - Hide and seek. 229 00:30:38,920 --> 00:30:44,160 - How was life in Iribamba? - It was rich. 230 00:30:44,480 --> 00:30:48,920 They had an abundance of everything because... 231 00:30:49,160 --> 00:30:55,640 ...there were people who worked for the landowners. 232 00:30:56,040 --> 00:31:00,760 ...they were the owners of the land, your grandparents. 233 00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:05,640 Your great-grandfather too. 234 00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:09,400 We are related! 235 00:31:09,840 --> 00:31:13,720 After dinner the adults gathered to talk. 236 00:31:14,040 --> 00:31:21,360 Augusta and I were the youngest so we had to keep quiet and listen to... 237 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:27,480 ...the discussions between the adults the Stalinists and the reformists. 238 00:31:27,680 --> 00:31:31,960 So they often had debates? 239 00:31:32,200 --> 00:31:36,680 Family discussions. 240 00:31:37,080 --> 00:31:42,680 My father told your grandmother's mother that if she was a communist, she should give away the land. 241 00:31:42,920 --> 00:31:51,440 'No you David, don't touch my property!' replied she. It's communism when it suits it. 242 00:31:55,960 --> 00:32:03,880 - How was Augusta? - Happy and simple. 243 00:32:04,200 --> 00:32:08,040 She taught us to understand our reality. 244 00:32:08,280 --> 00:32:13,320 She liked our family, especially dad. 245 00:32:13,480 --> 00:32:17,280 All of us siblings speaks Quechua. 246 00:32:17,400 --> 00:32:22,680 And she was delighted that we spoke Quechua. 247 00:32:23,120 --> 00:32:29,760 She taught us to appreciate who we were, our roots. 248 00:32:32,360 --> 00:32:40,400 How come Augusta who grew up like this became a Senderist? 249 00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:51,080 I think she was shaped of the inequalities she saw. 250 00:32:51,560 --> 00:32:56,520 The difference between those who had and those who had nothing. 251 00:32:56,920 --> 00:33:00,800 Then she started at the nuns' school. 252 00:33:01,160 --> 00:33:08,440 There she became a mouthpiece for the students. 253 00:33:10,480 --> 00:33:15,600 So she had a certain orientation which was reinforced… 254 00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:21,480 ...when Abimael hired in her parents' home. 255 00:33:21,640 --> 00:33:26,280 She shared her ideas about class society with Abimael. 256 00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:34,200 - But she had her ideas before she met Abimael. - She had, but dormant. 257 00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:42,400 In my eyes she was the brains of the organization. 258 00:33:43,040 --> 00:33:49,920 Abimael never visited the countryside. He stuck to the university. 259 00:33:54,320 --> 00:34:00,320 It must have been 1982. The last time I saw her. 260 00:34:01,440 --> 00:34:05,120 Disguised as a peasant woman. 261 00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:40,080 Flor and I don't say much on the long journey to the village… 262 00:34:40,240 --> 00:34:44,120 ...where she and Claudio were born. 263 00:34:44,360 --> 00:34:48,720 Does she think it was Augusta who brought the war to her village? 264 00:35:08,400 --> 00:35:11,080 Flor's family fled from the village during the war. 265 00:35:11,600 --> 00:35:16,520 I can't! OK, take off! 266 00:35:18,760 --> 00:35:22,680 But her parents have left the land they fought for... 267 00:35:22,920 --> 00:35:27,040 ...and returns constantly to the village from Lima. 268 00:35:32,520 --> 00:35:34,920 Help! 269 00:35:35,640 --> 00:35:39,400 You probably won't make it. 270 00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:44,280 - Mom, I can't! - Hurry up now. 271 00:35:52,800 --> 00:35:56,800 Remove it. 272 00:36:00,800 --> 00:36:05,880 I am not fit to carry heavy. 273 00:36:27,240 --> 00:36:29,160 Claudio... 274 00:36:30,120 --> 00:36:32,440 ...and Augusta. 275 00:36:33,120 --> 00:36:38,600 Two names that unite us and at the same time the abyss is between us. 276 00:36:43,920 --> 00:36:48,480 Claudio was the son of a poor farmer who fought for their land. 277 00:36:51,920 --> 00:36:57,000 Augusta was the daughter of a landowner who was a communist. 278 00:37:09,480 --> 00:37:12,960 May I speak to your mother? 279 00:37:13,280 --> 00:37:18,720 We are here at the height of Churpayana on the way to Huacane. 280 00:37:19,680 --> 00:37:24,440 I just wanted to look again mobile worked here. 281 00:37:30,040 --> 00:37:35,040 It worked! For the first time. 282 00:37:37,800 --> 00:37:45,000 I farmed up there too. On your uncle Genaros ride, up there. 283 00:37:47,160 --> 00:37:52,720 Claudio wanted to write about everything, right? 284 00:37:53,040 --> 00:37:59,760 - Like all kids, did he participate in the land occupations? - Yes, it was. 285 00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:09,360 But... then he travels to Lima and gets fed up with ideologies. 286 00:38:09,520 --> 00:38:14,400 But he didn't want to get involved, but… 287 00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:20,040 ...even then he wanted to write. 288 00:38:21,080 --> 00:38:26,520 He always spoke against exploitation; against the farmers' living conditions. 289 00:38:26,640 --> 00:38:30,800 He was part of it. 290 00:38:32,240 --> 00:38:39,880 " 'They only remember us at the elections when they want to buy our votes,' his father said." 291 00:38:40,600 --> 00:38:48,600 “It was true, there were no doctors here and people died like dogs." 292 00:38:50,440 --> 00:38:56,720 "And when people protested, they sent out soldiers to massacre them." 293 00:38:57,800 --> 00:39:01,760 "That was what was called government." 294 00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:15,360 Claudio speaks of an oppression which has been going on continuously... 295 00:39:15,560 --> 00:39:20,760 ...since Spain conquered the Inca Empire på femtonhundratalet. 296 00:39:26,080 --> 00:39:31,200 In a four hundred year old manuscript there is the story of the fall of the Inca Empire... 297 00:39:31,920 --> 00:39:36,920 ...recorded by the eyewitness Guaman Poma. 298 00:39:37,280 --> 00:39:43,640 He tells of a civilization which stretched over large parts of the Andes. 299 00:39:45,080 --> 00:39:52,200 There were large construction works, roads, bridges and a planned agriculture. 300 00:39:53,120 --> 00:39:58,800 Guaman Poma writes about a kingdom organized for the survival of citizens… 301 00:39:59,200 --> 00:40:03,400 ...and to be for centuries. 302 00:40:13,520 --> 00:40:19,520 "Regulation for the Inca Empire." 303 00:40:21,040 --> 00:40:25,800 “We order that it shall there is an abundance of food throughout the kingdom." 304 00:40:26,040 --> 00:40:30,640 “And that it is cultivated lots of corn, potatoes and oca." 305 00:40:31,040 --> 00:40:37,280 “So there is to eat all year round." 306 00:40:39,840 --> 00:40:45,000 The native Guaman Poma describes a kingdom soon to be shattered. 307 00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:52,240 Over the seas are they Spanish conquistadors on their way. 308 00:40:57,800 --> 00:41:02,960 The horses of the Spaniards and superior weapons decide the fight. 309 00:41:16,880 --> 00:41:21,720 Inca leader Atahulpa captured and executed. 310 00:41:26,480 --> 00:41:33,880 “The earth will be lost, and the kingdom will be depopulated and laid waste." 311 00:41:52,360 --> 00:42:01,000 "From the Indians they steal their land, their houses, wives and daughters." 312 00:42:02,640 --> 00:42:06,600 "And there is no turning back, because all are united." 313 00:42:07,360 --> 00:42:09,000 "The judge..." 314 00:42:09,040 --> 00:42:10,520 "The judge... the mayor..." 315 00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:12,200 "The judge... the mayor... the colonel..." 316 00:42:12,240 --> 00:42:16,400 “The judge… the mayor… the colonel... the priests." 317 00:42:17,000 --> 00:42:22,000 "Everyone is against the poor." 318 00:42:23,880 --> 00:42:29,200 "To write about it is to cry." 319 00:42:43,720 --> 00:42:50,720 Centuries followed the conquest of violently crushed peasant uprisings. 320 00:42:51,200 --> 00:42:54,120 Nothing fundamentally changed. 321 00:42:54,280 --> 00:43:01,120 - That's on the Huancahuacho estate. - Sure, Huancahuacho. There is the house. 322 00:43:02,360 --> 00:43:05,800 - There you are. - Sure. 323 00:43:06,160 --> 00:43:11,600 - How were we treated? - Terribly bad! 324 00:43:11,760 --> 00:43:17,480 We couldn't even taste a fruit, because they smelled in our mouths. 325 00:43:18,080 --> 00:43:20,960 - On your way from work? - Yes. 326 00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:26,520 'If you have eaten, everyone has eaten and must be punished', they said. 327 00:43:26,880 --> 00:43:32,840 - So we were punished. - We were forced to work two days without payment. 328 00:43:33,480 --> 00:43:38,120 'You have eaten your fill,' they said. 329 00:43:40,200 --> 00:43:46,480 And they had cows that we milked. We weren't even allowed to remove the whey. 330 00:43:46,720 --> 00:43:48,760 Nothing! 331 00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:54,200 We weren't even allowed to give the whey to the children. 332 00:43:54,360 --> 00:43:59,320 We were workers and had many children. 333 00:44:00,040 --> 00:44:06,600 Then you were happy when we took over the goods after everything that has been? 334 00:44:06,760 --> 00:44:10,880 When we were finally free. 335 00:44:11,240 --> 00:44:16,440 - We were happy then. Finally happy. - Happy. 336 00:44:19,840 --> 00:44:21,600 "Long Live the Earth Occupations!" 337 00:44:31,640 --> 00:44:36,600 - Here you are! - Yes. 338 00:44:37,280 --> 00:44:42,200 Yes Nestor, here we are as always with our coca leaves. 339 00:44:42,680 --> 00:44:46,960 - We have never lacked cooking sheets. - Never. 340 00:44:47,280 --> 00:44:49,520 Do you recognize yourself here? 341 00:44:49,720 --> 00:44:53,640 - Sure, there I am. - Brave. 342 00:44:53,760 --> 00:45:00,440 I was the one who threw the landlord out. 343 00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:21,000 Long live the land occupations! Hurray! 344 00:45:21,120 --> 00:45:25,560 Long live Oscollo! Live! 345 00:45:27,640 --> 00:45:32,920 We were united. Like a hand. United! 346 00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:39,160 - You mean when you entered the estate? - Exactly. 347 00:45:40,160 --> 00:45:46,840 We did it at night, at three in the morning we set off. 348 00:45:48,000 --> 00:45:54,440 From two sides, towards the estate. As if we were to work as usual. 349 00:45:55,120 --> 00:46:01,360 The landowner comes with the rifle on his shoulder, to hand out the tools. 350 00:46:01,520 --> 00:46:07,680 And when the tools are distributed he also distributes coca leaves to everyone. 351 00:46:09,920 --> 00:46:13,400 But do you know what happened then! 352 00:46:13,520 --> 00:46:19,000 With the rifle... you, brother come here for a while. 353 00:46:19,160 --> 00:46:26,000 - We pretend you are the landowner, with his rifle. - Sure. 354 00:46:26,160 --> 00:46:32,400 The workers gather and receive their cooking blades and tools. 355 00:46:32,560 --> 00:46:37,800 During the time that he is busy one of us takes the rifle from him. 356 00:46:37,960 --> 00:46:42,400 At that moment Escarzena loses her power! 357 00:46:42,600 --> 00:46:49,200 When he loses the rifle, he loses the power. He can't defend himself! 358 00:46:49,360 --> 00:46:54,120 And when he was disarmed did you throw him out? 359 00:46:54,400 --> 00:46:59,920 No, we tied him to the horse. 360 00:47:00,560 --> 00:47:06,200 He pretended to faint. But just go with him! 361 00:47:06,360 --> 00:47:12,640 - But without hurting him, right? - Without damage. 362 00:47:13,160 --> 00:47:19,200 - Because it was about the earth. - About the earth, about the earth. 363 00:47:35,360 --> 00:47:41,160 "Our battle is independent, for land for all farmers." 364 00:47:41,360 --> 00:47:45,760 The military that was in power wanted to modernize Peru. 365 00:47:46,240 --> 00:47:52,200 They had carried out a land reform and let the peasants keep the reclaimed land. 366 00:47:53,040 --> 00:47:57,160 But the joy of victory was short-lived. 367 00:47:57,880 --> 00:48:02,400 What happened then? After you took back the earth? 368 00:48:02,640 --> 00:48:10,800 After the occupations became our organization shattered… 369 00:48:11,680 --> 00:48:17,240 ...because the leaders were imprisoned and we became weak. 370 00:48:17,440 --> 00:48:23,080 The country got a new president and the land was redistributed again. 371 00:48:34,080 --> 00:48:38,800 The government that introduced the land reform overthrown by conservative military. 372 00:48:39,120 --> 00:48:42,600 The hope of peaceful changes fade away. 373 00:48:45,160 --> 00:48:50,560 'When his father returned he asked him what happened..' 374 00:48:50,720 --> 00:48:55,000 'In a few words he told.' 375 00:48:55,160 --> 00:48:59,840 'They had reclaimed their land and not only there.' 376 00:49:00,160 --> 00:49:05,160 'In many other villages had they done the same thing.' 377 00:49:05,320 --> 00:49:12,160 'That's why the government had sent soldiers out the special forces to take them down.' 378 00:49:17,840 --> 00:49:21,840 All over Latin America is dying the hope of peaceful changes. 379 00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:30,560 In Chile, President Allende has died in General Allende's coup d'état. 380 00:49:32,720 --> 00:49:36,960 In Argentina, the military strikes until 1976. 381 00:49:49,360 --> 00:49:56,560 Oppression and inequality was so extreme that… 382 00:49:56,720 --> 00:50:03,760 ...if anyone seriously called for armed insurrection... 383 00:50:04,280 --> 00:50:07,160 And many of us talked about it. 384 00:50:07,400 --> 00:50:11,560 Everyone was waiting for an armed movement... 385 00:50:11,720 --> 00:50:14,240 ...because it was believed that... 386 00:50:14,480 --> 00:50:22,200 ...Peru could change like Cuba. 387 00:50:25,560 --> 00:50:29,000 We have carried out a socialist revolution! 388 00:50:35,240 --> 00:50:39,960 In Vietnam defeat a peasant army superpower USA. 389 00:50:41,920 --> 00:50:48,880 In the Peruvian farmers' organization there are leaders which has Mao and China's revolution as a model. 390 00:50:58,520 --> 00:51:03,640 Augusta and Abimael travel to China and thinks he can see the future. 391 00:51:07,680 --> 00:51:15,920 When they came back then they were completely transformed! 392 00:51:17,120 --> 00:51:24,440 They talked about the cultural revolution and about changing people's way of thinking. 393 00:51:24,760 --> 00:51:30,840 That it was possible to change someone's way of thinking. 394 00:51:31,720 --> 00:51:35,960 Augusta comes in secret to Samuel's and Claudio's tracts. 395 00:51:37,000 --> 00:51:42,440 She carries with her a promise of one violent revolution without betrayal of the peasants. 396 00:51:45,120 --> 00:51:50,600 In 1978 Augusta la Torre comes to Cayara. 397 00:51:50,760 --> 00:51:55,080 I didn't know her, but she introduced herself. 398 00:51:55,400 --> 00:52:00,320 - So she introduced herself as Augusta? - Yes. 399 00:52:00,680 --> 00:52:06,160 And she said she was a wife to Abimael Guzman. 400 00:52:06,680 --> 00:52:14,400 During a short conversation she said: 'Teacher, in three days...' 401 00:52:15,480 --> 00:52:19,560 'Shall we have an open debate here in Cayara...' 402 00:52:19,680 --> 00:52:23,200 Down there they meet, my aunt Augusta... 403 00:52:23,560 --> 00:52:27,840 ...and the leaders who fought for the earth with Samuel and the other farmers. 404 00:52:28,320 --> 00:52:33,440 As principal of the school, I organized... 405 00:52:33,840 --> 00:52:38,680 ...Augusta La Torre's stay. 406 00:52:38,920 --> 00:52:45,480 She ordered me to close the school for three days. 407 00:52:45,800 --> 00:52:50,760 So they came and talked you into this. Were you at the meeting? 408 00:52:51,120 --> 00:52:58,960 Yes, and Sendero Luminoso said that the land occupations were… 409 00:52:59,720 --> 00:53:04,880 ...a mistake, in their opinion. 410 00:53:05,480 --> 00:53:07,760 And then what happened to the farmers?? 411 00:53:07,920 --> 00:53:11,400 The farmers were confused, of course! 412 00:53:14,160 --> 00:53:23,400 Sendero spoke of people's war. And I said NO! 413 00:53:23,800 --> 00:53:30,160 So they wanted to do as in China although Peru was different? 414 00:53:30,840 --> 00:53:35,040 Exactly that. 415 00:53:38,360 --> 00:53:43,240 Sendero's members start spread their politics in the villages. 416 00:53:43,680 --> 00:53:50,320 They start party schools, punish local ones criminals and recruit willing peasants. 417 00:53:51,880 --> 00:53:54,840 At first it is voluntary and many join. 418 00:53:54,960 --> 00:54:01,440 Thank you aunt. You never refused us food. 419 00:54:01,560 --> 00:54:08,520 - We were treated like your own children. - How we have cried! 420 00:54:08,640 --> 00:54:11,400 We all shared sorrows. 421 00:54:11,560 --> 00:54:17,320 - Who came first; Sendero or the military? - Sendero, which we didn't know about. 422 00:54:17,480 --> 00:54:20,240 The military came after them. 423 00:54:20,400 --> 00:54:26,080 But why were there villagers who joined the group? How did it happen? 424 00:54:26,360 --> 00:54:30,640 Through meetings. Meetings. 425 00:54:30,880 --> 00:54:34,480 But what did they tell people? 426 00:54:34,640 --> 00:54:40,320 They promised an end to poverty. Completely! 427 00:54:40,520 --> 00:54:46,320 No poverty! Millionaires and paupers would be equal. 428 00:54:46,440 --> 00:54:49,080 It convinced people. 429 00:54:49,200 --> 00:54:55,280 But it wasn't true. They deceived people with lies. 430 00:54:55,560 --> 00:54:58,520 There was no equality. 431 00:54:58,720 --> 00:55:03,200 - Instead of physical and mental abuse. - Did they come armed? 432 00:55:03,600 --> 00:55:07,240 Not from the beginning, but gradually. 433 00:55:07,480 --> 00:55:13,240 I have heard that they gave arms to the peasants who… 434 00:55:13,400 --> 00:55:18,200 - ...then went armed. - People were forced to receive weapons. 435 00:55:18,480 --> 00:55:23,880 Celestine was forced to join. At a meeting they forced him. 436 00:55:24,600 --> 00:55:29,600 - Celestino had to. - Otherwise they would have killed him. 437 00:55:29,880 --> 00:55:35,400 So it was with people from here. Forced. 438 00:55:49,200 --> 00:55:53,920 You feel in one of the villages so threatened by Sendero's presence… 439 00:55:54,160 --> 00:55:58,920 ...that one in secret announced the police in a nearby town. 440 00:56:00,800 --> 00:56:06,000 I had a strong and eloquent son. 441 00:56:06,400 --> 00:56:10,520 He quickly made his way to Andahuaylas. 442 00:56:11,200 --> 00:56:16,280 They sent helicopters at once. 443 00:56:16,520 --> 00:56:22,040 Both the police and the military came and began the hunt. 444 00:56:22,640 --> 00:56:29,000 The head of the Senderists was a teacher from the University of Huamanga. 445 00:56:29,400 --> 00:56:33,800 They tried to escape without returning fire. 446 00:56:34,040 --> 00:56:38,720 - Their weapons didn't work. - They were only there to frighten. 447 00:56:39,800 --> 00:56:46,600 The prisoners were collected in an old cart from the estate and set up. 448 00:56:46,760 --> 00:56:51,680 Then they all shot. 449 00:56:51,960 --> 00:56:59,120 - It was not an arrest but a massacre. - But otherwise they would have massacred us. 450 00:56:59,600 --> 00:57:06,760 After that, the movement wanted revenge and came back after a year… 451 00:57:06,920 --> 00:57:13,920 ...in search of them who had informed the police. 452 00:57:14,400 --> 00:57:19,080 The result was that four people were killed here in Antasco. 453 00:57:19,240 --> 00:57:23,760 And her father… was one of them. 454 00:57:24,000 --> 00:57:28,640 - My mother stayed behind, pregnant. - How old were you? 455 00:57:28,800 --> 00:57:32,320 - Almost seven. I saw how they killed my father. - You saw... 456 00:57:32,680 --> 00:57:37,520 And they were buried there at the school. My dad too. 457 00:57:37,720 --> 00:57:43,000 After two days came the commandos. 458 00:57:49,880 --> 00:57:54,120 The military strikes as one foreign invasion force. 459 00:58:03,600 --> 00:58:08,720 Every poor farmer is a suspected terrorist. 460 00:58:16,320 --> 00:58:21,520 They started committing abuse against ordinary simple people. 461 00:58:21,800 --> 00:58:28,080 They committed rape and the soldiers left children behind here in Antasco. 462 00:58:29,640 --> 00:58:37,520 They accused many innocent people of terrorism; abused and destroyed them. 463 00:58:37,840 --> 00:58:44,200 - Beast! - It happened here in the villages. A terrible injustice... 464 00:58:46,360 --> 00:58:51,880 It seemed like nothing had changed since Guaman Poma wrote his book. 465 00:58:53,760 --> 00:58:59,960 “Everyone is against the poor. And there is no way out.” 466 00:59:04,160 --> 00:59:09,560 Where the military leads, you leave ravaged villages and massacres behind them. 467 00:59:29,680 --> 00:59:37,200 In this place... between 1983 and 1985... 468 00:59:37,520 --> 00:59:42,920 ...they executed people who had been taken to the military facility. 469 00:59:44,000 --> 00:59:49,640 Then they burned the bodies. There are ovens. 470 00:59:52,800 --> 00:59:59,000 The military came home at night and took away my husband. 471 00:59:59,160 --> 01:00:05,720 They accused him of be a terrorist even though he wasn't. 472 01:00:06,160 --> 01:00:13,080 - He was just a worker and student. - And you don't know what happened to your husband? 473 01:00:13,280 --> 01:00:20,880 They took him to the military facility and tortured him. 474 01:00:21,080 --> 01:00:24,760 I found out through a military. 475 01:00:25,080 --> 01:00:30,600 Without having done an investigation they came and took him away. 476 01:00:31,000 --> 01:00:37,920 Why? They didn't know who it was terrorists but killed anyone. 477 01:00:38,120 --> 01:00:43,480 Most of the dead were innocent. 478 01:00:44,240 --> 01:00:49,680 Fortunately... did i stay... 479 01:00:56,840 --> 01:01:00,480 All that we have gone through… 480 01:01:01,320 --> 01:01:06,000 Sometimes I curse Abimael Guzman. 481 01:01:06,200 --> 01:01:12,640 If he hadn't started this we wouldn't have had to suffer like that. 482 01:01:16,320 --> 01:01:23,600 The problem was that Sendero's so-called revolution was no liberating revolution. 483 01:01:23,920 --> 01:01:29,960 But first of all you would die to become a revolutionary. 484 01:01:30,160 --> 01:01:38,120 And then it was about exploiting they resented their demands for justice. 485 01:01:38,240 --> 01:01:43,000 Not that I, as a farmer, would get a better life with the revolution… 486 01:01:43,320 --> 01:01:46,680 But I would get the crap out of them there... 487 01:01:47,000 --> 01:01:52,480 The violence that he develops is a violence that is... 488 01:01:53,360 --> 01:02:01,120 ...terrible. It's not the killing... but that ideological; to subordinate another person. 489 01:02:01,440 --> 01:02:08,400 But it is also a violence where he says that… 490 01:02:08,960 --> 01:02:14,240 ...to win the war you have to do two things. 491 01:02:14,960 --> 01:02:22,160 Give the farmer a weapon and let him feel the power. 492 01:02:25,840 --> 01:02:28,680 And let him taste it. 493 01:02:29,040 --> 01:02:32,920 The one who has tasted power... 494 01:02:33,120 --> 01:02:35,040 ...will not give it up! 495 01:02:35,360 --> 01:02:42,040 But the farmer who got the power-the-weapon-exploited it also to control his woman. 496 01:02:42,320 --> 01:02:47,240 To rape the woman and impose their dictatorship. 497 01:03:01,000 --> 01:03:06,480 What happened to the house over there? 498 01:03:06,840 --> 01:03:13,720 It was a shared house which was sometimes a school. 499 01:03:14,960 --> 01:03:22,600 They burned it in 1984. Sendero Luminoso. 500 01:03:23,200 --> 01:03:26,200 Why did Sendero kill people here? 501 01:03:26,720 --> 01:03:31,800 Yeah, why did Sendero kill people here? I don't understand either. 502 01:03:31,960 --> 01:03:39,680 We decided together that we did not want to unite with them. 503 01:03:40,120 --> 01:03:44,280 People here had organized against Sendero Luminoso. 504 01:03:44,400 --> 01:03:47,000 I'll tell you now. 505 01:03:47,120 --> 01:03:54,480 In 1984 I was 16 years old. 506 01:03:54,720 --> 01:04:01,720 Mom told me to take the sheep to pasture. 507 01:04:02,480 --> 01:04:11,120 So I set off. When I came back, I didn't find mom. 508 01:04:13,680 --> 01:04:19,480 I crossed the river, pretty close to where we are now... 509 01:04:19,720 --> 01:04:23,960 There I found my mother buried. 510 01:04:24,360 --> 01:04:28,640 The earth was excavated. 511 01:04:28,960 --> 01:04:34,800 I found the handkerchief she used when she chewed coke. 512 01:04:35,120 --> 01:04:40,640 It was bloody. 'What have they done to you mother!' 513 01:04:40,760 --> 01:04:48,760 I started digging and found her. They hadn't dug deep. 514 01:04:48,880 --> 01:04:56,000 They had cut her throat and cut her here and there. 515 01:04:56,200 --> 01:05:00,280 This part was completely destroyed. 516 01:05:00,480 --> 01:05:06,240 They had slaughtered her like an animal. I tried to sit her up. 517 01:05:06,760 --> 01:05:13,960 'Mom, wake up! What have I done to you? Have I ever been disobedient?' 518 01:05:14,520 --> 01:05:21,280 'If we're going to die, it should be together!' I said trying to lift her up. 519 01:05:21,400 --> 01:05:26,400 But it was not possible to hold her, her throat was cut. 520 01:05:26,680 --> 01:05:31,200 I could not leave my mother. 521 01:05:31,520 --> 01:05:39,200 I pulled her aside and went back. 'They have killed my mother!', I said. 522 01:05:39,320 --> 01:05:43,320 'Do you know who it was,' I said. 523 01:05:43,560 --> 01:05:47,480 'No, they didn't even have one clothes from here', they said. 524 01:06:13,000 --> 01:06:21,600 Sendero arose out of oppression in the country. And Sendero benefited from that. 525 01:06:22,480 --> 01:06:29,160 They destroyed the villages and we innocents suffered. 526 01:06:29,800 --> 01:06:35,200 It's not my fault I'm an orphan. 527 01:07:08,320 --> 01:07:14,160 You got to know her through the pictures. 528 01:07:15,240 --> 01:07:22,680 What thoughts come to your mind when you meet us here in Ayacucho? 529 01:07:22,880 --> 01:07:31,360 - We didn't think we would see anyone from Augusta's family again. - Never. 530 01:07:40,600 --> 01:07:44,800 It's so hard... because... 531 01:07:45,080 --> 01:07:51,920 ...I came to Peru to understand Augusta, but… 532 01:07:52,640 --> 01:07:58,880 ...also understand this country, and everything that happened. 533 01:07:59,200 --> 01:08:07,800 But for every stone I turn new mysteries emerge. 534 01:08:08,720 --> 01:08:15,960 And there is something I don't understand. 535 01:08:19,160 --> 01:08:26,080 Everyone says that Augusta was such a simple person. 536 01:08:26,680 --> 01:08:31,880 Logical, intelligent and beautiful. 537 01:08:32,160 --> 01:08:39,200 But she was there in an organization that... 538 01:08:40,040 --> 01:08:47,160 ...made very serious mistakes. 539 01:08:47,520 --> 01:08:54,560 And I don't understand. It's like she... 540 01:08:56,360 --> 01:09:01,520 ...had two personalities. 541 01:09:01,880 --> 01:09:09,960 A very soft... and another very strong. 542 01:09:10,800 --> 01:09:17,200 With politics and all that. 543 01:09:49,320 --> 01:09:56,440 I'm afraid to be associated with Josefin's family. 544 01:09:58,520 --> 01:10:05,240 Unfortunately, we have very different starting points. 545 01:10:05,520 --> 01:10:11,720 It wasn't my brother who started the war, without… 546 01:10:11,960 --> 01:10:15,360 ...actually her family. 547 01:10:15,560 --> 01:10:20,600 We have suffered for it and lost a family member. 548 01:10:20,800 --> 01:10:25,520 Our pain is different than that of the other family. 549 01:10:25,680 --> 01:10:33,480 I know she will understand. But we have had completely different lives. 550 01:10:34,960 --> 01:10:41,400 I agreed to this to tell Claudio's story. 551 01:10:41,640 --> 01:10:46,960 Because often when genocide occurs… 552 01:10:47,560 --> 01:10:52,760 ...then they call the victims terrorists although most of them, like my brother, were not. 553 01:10:52,960 --> 01:10:57,920 It has nothing to do with his ideas which I am proud of. 554 01:10:58,040 --> 01:11:05,320 And one of his ideas was to help the family move forward. 555 01:11:35,440 --> 01:11:39,520 What happened to Claudio and Sendero? 556 01:11:40,040 --> 01:11:45,840 Claudio left the village before Sendero came here. 557 01:11:46,400 --> 01:11:55,400 Claudio was politically conscious because he saw our father in the fight for the earth. 558 01:11:57,280 --> 01:12:06,000 He was not at the university as politically active as I understand it. 559 01:12:09,880 --> 01:12:15,360 Why? Because people who joined the party… 560 01:12:15,520 --> 01:12:24,080 Forgot their families, the future and everything. They gave up their lives for the fight. 561 01:12:24,480 --> 01:12:29,080 Claudio never did. Why? 562 01:12:29,280 --> 01:12:33,240 Because he was more of a son and brother. 563 01:12:33,360 --> 01:12:39,440 'I want to give my parents and siblings something better. I have to finish my studies.' 564 01:12:39,800 --> 01:12:44,600 'My siblings will also become something.' He chooses that path. 565 01:12:45,040 --> 01:12:49,920 And... leaving the other. 566 01:12:55,080 --> 01:13:00,640 But it is too late. Claudio is imprisoned and taken to Fronton. 567 01:13:12,600 --> 01:13:19,080 On the island we were who we were directly involved in the fight. 568 01:13:19,240 --> 01:13:23,080 - And you belonged to them? - Sure. 569 01:13:23,200 --> 01:13:30,520 And so they involuntarily involved. Who preferably got arrested at the time. 570 01:13:30,680 --> 01:13:37,520 Maybe he was innocent and that's probably what you feel. Or how? 571 01:13:37,680 --> 01:13:44,160 But at that time was the organization so strong that people... 572 01:13:44,320 --> 01:13:47,680 ...was carried away by the feeling. 573 01:14:01,720 --> 01:14:08,960 I remember the first time I visited the island. The songs of the families... 574 01:14:18,280 --> 01:14:24,640 Sendero took control of the prisons from within and ran political schooling. 575 01:14:26,440 --> 01:14:32,680 Welcome! With revolutionary greetings from us fighters in the Communist Party of Peru! 576 01:14:32,960 --> 01:14:36,560 Who are temporary prisoners of war here. 577 01:14:36,720 --> 01:14:41,400 Long live the struggle of the family committees! 578 01:14:42,280 --> 01:14:50,040 I had listened to many revolutionary songs over the years. 579 01:14:50,480 --> 01:14:57,800 But when I stood in there with the tape player... 580 01:14:58,000 --> 01:15:05,000 I was still very impressed. It was something completely new. 581 01:15:05,520 --> 01:15:12,560 But almost religious belief they forced a war on the peasants... 582 01:15:13,680 --> 01:15:18,120 ...a complete dogma. 583 01:15:18,360 --> 01:15:23,080 A completely totalitarian ideology. 584 01:15:23,200 --> 01:15:27,000 Who created so much bloodshed. 585 01:15:27,160 --> 01:15:33,720 At their own, at the others and with those who ended up in between. 586 01:15:35,400 --> 01:15:40,600 Sendero would sacrifice their lives without hesitation. 587 01:15:44,920 --> 01:15:51,120 It was 'la couta de sangre' - the necessary blood sacrifice for the revolution. 588 01:15:51,480 --> 01:15:59,840 We are fully committed to the armed struggle. That's how we break the old order. 589 01:16:00,080 --> 01:16:03,560 And creates the new state; the New Democratic People's Republic. 590 01:16:04,080 --> 01:16:10,480 President Gonzalo has developed their leading thoughts to the highest level. 591 01:16:11,040 --> 01:16:16,040 He is Marxism-Leninism-Maoism fourth pillar. 592 01:16:25,440 --> 01:16:32,000 Throughout the war, the battle between the military and Sendero also at the prisons. 593 01:16:36,200 --> 01:16:41,160 Hundreds of prisoners are killed without to have been given a chance at trial. 594 01:16:42,880 --> 01:16:46,880 The prisoners' families understand what happens inside the prisons... 595 01:16:47,040 --> 01:16:49,760 ...but can't do anything. 596 01:16:55,400 --> 01:16:58,920 It is painful to as the president of Peru... 597 01:16:59,680 --> 01:17:03,840 Flor is convinced that it was by order of President Alan Garcia… 598 01:17:04,080 --> 01:17:09,360 ...as the military attacked Fronton where Claudio had been taken. 599 01:17:16,080 --> 01:17:22,480 We had found out that the regime planned to attack the island. 600 01:17:23,000 --> 01:17:30,720 So we were prepared on a massacre. 601 01:17:31,120 --> 01:17:34,440 A slaughter was underway. 602 01:17:35,840 --> 01:17:44,760 When the rebellion begins at three in the morning you three take hostages among the guards. 603 01:17:45,240 --> 01:17:53,560 If they don't want to negotiate but only kill us then we must strike first. 604 01:17:54,800 --> 01:18:02,000 - And that's why you took three hostages. - Our only chance was to take the hostage. 605 01:18:10,600 --> 01:18:15,280 When the military goes to attack the prisoners desperate relatives gather... 606 01:18:15,440 --> 01:18:20,280 ...on the mainland, not far from the isolated island. 607 01:18:27,000 --> 01:18:30,440 Most of them never get more see their family members. 608 01:18:30,560 --> 01:18:36,480 Prison management - killer of political prisoners! 609 01:18:43,000 --> 01:18:49,320 Ever since the massacre, Flor and the family for redress for Claudio. 610 01:18:49,680 --> 01:18:52,960 The survivors say... 611 01:18:53,280 --> 01:18:59,480 ...that when they are taken out they are separated and taken here to the other area... 612 01:18:59,600 --> 01:19:02,560 There they get shot. 613 01:19:02,680 --> 01:19:10,160 Alan Garcia says he knows nothing. Who then gave orders to the marines? 614 01:19:10,480 --> 01:19:14,800 Wasn't he the top boss over the armed forces? 615 01:19:14,960 --> 01:19:20,120 The simultaneous attack against three prisons could not have been done… 616 01:19:20,440 --> 01:19:24,240 Without orders from above... and Alan Garcia was the supreme commander. 617 01:19:24,520 --> 01:19:31,400 I know the documentation. There is strong evidence that he gave the order. 618 01:20:08,520 --> 01:20:11,040 I saw it myself. 619 01:20:11,200 --> 01:20:16,240 They talk about cruelty but I have never seen worse cruelty. 620 01:20:16,400 --> 01:20:20,080 It was very cruel. 621 01:20:20,480 --> 01:20:27,480 You can say a lot about us who were there, though the majority had never received a trial. 622 01:20:27,640 --> 01:20:32,920 And no one can be declared guilty without trial. 623 01:20:33,160 --> 01:20:38,400 The drama is not only about Claudio but about many who were there. 624 01:20:38,560 --> 01:20:44,560 I was there together with a person I saw die. 625 01:20:44,880 --> 01:20:51,800 He was hit by a bazooka and disappeared before my eyes. 626 01:20:52,000 --> 01:20:59,680 - Disappeared? - Disappeared. A bullet from a bazooka destroys you. 627 01:21:09,200 --> 01:21:16,560 - So everyone in his group died? - Yes, everyone. 628 01:21:30,280 --> 01:21:35,880 We are not alone. But I always ask myself - why us? 629 01:21:36,040 --> 01:21:38,800 Why Claudio? 630 01:21:38,960 --> 01:21:43,360 Alan Garcia personally directed the massacre. 631 01:21:43,560 --> 01:21:49,440 Although Alan Garcia is a killer who gave the order to kill the prisoners... 632 01:21:50,000 --> 01:21:58,120 - ...then he on the other side is also guilty. - The order for the mutiny came from above. 633 01:21:58,280 --> 01:22:04,080 - From above... Abimael. - Abimael Guzman. He gave the order. 634 01:22:33,160 --> 01:22:37,000 Register. Disappeared. 635 01:22:37,880 --> 01:22:43,040 The lawyer working on Claudio's case finally discovers that Claudio… 636 01:22:43,320 --> 01:22:49,360 ...still wanted, decades after his death. 637 01:22:50,200 --> 01:22:54,400 So for the Peruvian state is he on the run 638 01:22:54,520 --> 01:23:01,200 ...and because justice doesn't work did they just go on and on... 639 01:23:01,920 --> 01:23:06,120 And what do they find against your brother? A poem. 640 01:23:06,800 --> 01:23:13,920 Which he admits he wrote. - 'Yes, I wrote it because I think so.' 641 01:23:14,200 --> 01:23:21,160 'I have read about that fight which is carried by people in Sendero Luminoso...' 642 01:23:21,360 --> 01:23:26,000 '..which I think will create a just world.' 643 01:23:26,160 --> 01:23:29,560 His THOUGHTS. 644 01:23:29,680 --> 01:23:37,400 “Is it true that you have written the poem 'Song to a fighter' about the peasant soldier... 645 01:23:37,520 --> 01:23:42,560 ...his weapon and the tie to the Communist Party of Peru?" 646 01:23:43,160 --> 01:23:46,880 "Yes, I have written that poem." 647 01:23:47,200 --> 01:23:52,760 “I do not belong and have not belonged party but I have sympathized." 648 01:23:53,000 --> 01:23:57,360 Certainly. And he expressed his sympathy in a poem. 649 01:23:57,600 --> 01:24:01,360 We don't have to agree with him. 650 01:24:01,600 --> 01:24:08,200 But it does not entail a prison sentence. Let alone the death sentence he received. 651 01:24:08,400 --> 01:24:17,000 We believe that the victims from Fronton must be recognized precisely as victims. 652 01:24:18,840 --> 01:24:22,120 Whether they belonged Sendero Luminoso or not. 653 01:24:22,360 --> 01:24:26,800 Had they belonged to Sendero should they be punished by the state. 654 01:24:27,280 --> 01:24:29,800 But not with the death penalty. 655 01:24:30,200 --> 01:24:35,080 If Claudio's case went to court I am convinced that he... 656 01:24:35,240 --> 01:24:40,360 ...would have been acquitted. 657 01:24:55,280 --> 01:25:02,080 - And what do you think happened to Augusta? - A video was released... 658 01:25:02,640 --> 01:25:07,640 They confiscated documents from Sendero... 659 01:25:07,800 --> 01:25:14,760 ...which shows her in a coffin. 660 01:25:16,760 --> 01:25:25,360 Finally they got insoluble political contradictions. 661 01:25:25,520 --> 01:25:29,000 Even though they were married. 662 01:25:29,280 --> 01:25:33,800 She always believed that the people's war would be brought from the countryside. 663 01:25:34,200 --> 01:25:39,840 He meant that it should be brought to the city. And according to the press… 664 01:25:40,040 --> 01:25:47,480 ...then Abimael's people tried to kill her. 665 01:25:52,400 --> 01:25:56,920 Abimael leads the rebellion from his hideout in Lima. 666 01:25:57,200 --> 01:26:02,360 He gives the order to the war must be taken to the capital. 667 01:26:21,120 --> 01:26:27,080 Peru is thrown into a witch's cauldron of violence and economic ruin. 668 01:26:28,080 --> 01:26:31,760 Poverty is getting worse. 669 01:26:33,640 --> 01:26:39,240 In the last democratic election defeats Alberto Fujimori. 670 01:26:42,560 --> 01:26:47,120 He soon dissolves Parliament and takes power alone. 671 01:26:56,360 --> 01:27:02,280 The regime's death squads and Senderos terror is pushing Peru towards the abyss. 672 01:27:10,040 --> 01:27:15,440 Augusta is already dead and I am four years old. 673 01:27:18,400 --> 01:27:24,800 In kindergarten, at home in Sweden, I paint the Peruvian flag all in red. 674 01:27:47,480 --> 01:27:53,040 There was something dirty between them. 675 01:27:54,160 --> 01:28:02,040 Within power there are many factors. Who does what, gets what mail and so on. 676 01:28:02,480 --> 01:28:08,520 One eliminates the enemy and fills the void. That's what happened. 677 01:28:08,960 --> 01:28:14,840 Someone arranged the murder of Augusta. 678 01:28:15,120 --> 01:28:18,200 They murdered Augusta. 679 01:28:20,520 --> 01:28:26,840 They took away her power because she had power over Abimael. 680 01:28:27,200 --> 01:28:34,400 She had a lot of power and someone at the top didn't like it. 681 01:28:34,520 --> 01:28:41,520 I have the impression that it was her whom he then married. 682 01:28:49,920 --> 01:28:58,880 I think she was sick. He knew that she has to go abroad for treatment... 683 01:28:59,560 --> 01:29:02,640 ...otherwise she would die. 684 01:29:02,800 --> 01:29:06,800 Augusta knew it too. 685 01:29:07,440 --> 01:29:14,760 If you know you will die without treatment… and that you could get well. 686 01:29:15,520 --> 01:29:22,000 Then you make a decision about your life. And what decision does Augusta make? 687 01:29:22,160 --> 01:29:25,000 To die. 688 01:29:25,160 --> 01:29:30,720 She was probably affected too by the fact that... 689 01:29:30,880 --> 01:29:37,120 ...she was part of a triangle which did not bode well for her. 690 01:29:37,480 --> 01:29:42,720 Honor and glory to comrade Norah! 691 01:29:44,480 --> 01:29:51,040 Four years after Augusta's death is discovered the house where Sendero's leadership is kept hidden. 692 01:29:53,360 --> 01:29:58,000 The security police arrest Abimael and Elena Iparraguirre... 693 01:29:58,120 --> 01:30:01,240 ...which took over Augusta's role at his side. 694 01:30:02,040 --> 01:30:05,680 If you die then this will remain. 695 01:30:05,960 --> 01:30:12,360 It can never be erased. And history will acknowledge it. 696 01:30:12,600 --> 01:30:19,280 They remind themselves, as you know... persecuted, executed or massacred... 697 01:30:29,560 --> 01:30:34,640 Sendero's lead is falling like dominoes and shown to the world press. 698 01:30:38,960 --> 01:30:47,040 Abimael Guzman, President of Central Committee of Sendero Luminoso... 699 01:30:47,520 --> 01:30:51,240 Marital status: widowed. 700 01:30:51,480 --> 01:30:57,880 The 30th of September 1965 in Ayacucho married to Augusta La Torre Carrasco... 701 01:30:58,200 --> 01:31:01,680 ...who died in 1988. 702 01:31:01,920 --> 01:31:08,360 It is only a temporary defeat on the long road... 703 01:31:08,640 --> 01:31:15,000 You will see that we will win! 704 01:31:22,400 --> 01:31:28,080 How do you feel about Abimael Guzman? 705 01:31:30,000 --> 01:31:35,760 Sometimes I hate him. 706 01:31:36,840 --> 01:31:40,080 Surely... 707 01:31:40,240 --> 01:31:44,440 ...he knows what happened to Augusta. 708 01:31:44,760 --> 01:31:50,960 Everyone lives their own tragedy in his own way. 709 01:31:52,160 --> 01:31:56,640 To find peace and find… 710 01:31:56,760 --> 01:32:02,320 ...that calm that is missing then you need to know... 711 01:32:02,440 --> 01:32:09,080 ...what happened, why and above all; where is he? 712 01:33:11,120 --> 01:33:17,080 Mr. Samuel, as you know has the case Claudio Barbaran Gonzales terminated. 713 01:33:17,560 --> 01:33:22,360 The result is positive by giving... 714 01:33:22,640 --> 01:33:27,720 ...moral vindication to the victim of the violence... 715 01:33:27,920 --> 01:33:37,560 ...gives dignity and explains Claudio as a victim in the official register. 716 01:33:37,720 --> 01:33:44,560 The state recognizes that he was a victim of the violence. 717 01:33:45,160 --> 01:33:52,800 The only consolation is that my son was innocent. 718 01:33:53,200 --> 01:33:57,320 And though innocent they killed him. 719 01:33:57,560 --> 01:34:04,720 Doomed a thousandfold may the responsible be. 720 01:34:08,800 --> 01:34:12,800 But it would be much more fair... 721 01:34:13,320 --> 01:34:17,840 ...that it had to pay who did it... 722 01:34:18,080 --> 01:34:24,720 ...the one who at that moment was supreme commander of the armed forces. 723 01:34:24,880 --> 01:34:31,200 Everyone knows who but they cannot judge that person. 724 01:34:32,080 --> 01:34:39,160 I can only hope that the divine justice finally hold that person accountable. 725 01:34:39,680 --> 01:34:45,000 In the strictest possible way. 726 01:35:02,840 --> 01:35:10,000 I've been hard, maybe because of my experiences. 727 01:35:10,560 --> 01:35:18,400 You came here to know the truth… what really happened. 728 01:35:20,240 --> 01:35:29,600 It is brave of you to seek the truth and not be misled by the myths. 729 01:35:29,880 --> 01:35:35,320 The fairy tales they paint. 730 01:35:36,360 --> 01:35:40,520 It means a lot to me to be here. 731 01:35:41,080 --> 01:35:48,680 I have discovered a lot about Peru, about the war and what happened to the farmers in the countryside. 732 01:35:49,800 --> 01:35:57,040 And it's hard to realize that Augusta was part of it. 733 01:35:58,120 --> 01:36:03,880 But it's good that you know. That's good. 734 01:36:07,600 --> 01:36:14,720 Don't you feel freer, with eyes open to the truth? 735 01:36:16,000 --> 01:36:19,880 - Don't you feel freer? - Yes, of course. 736 01:36:20,320 --> 01:36:25,320 And freedom has a price. 737 01:36:26,760 --> 01:36:31,480 You are free because you decided it yourself. But your family... 738 01:36:31,640 --> 01:36:37,120 ...continues with a blindfold. 739 01:36:37,720 --> 01:36:42,640 Although they are still your family. 740 01:37:02,640 --> 01:37:05,840 Dad. 741 01:37:06,880 --> 01:37:11,520 I was so afraid that make this trip. 742 01:37:14,920 --> 01:37:20,000 But I'm not afraid anymore. 743 01:37:21,480 --> 01:37:26,840 The tale you told was not true. 744 01:37:32,880 --> 01:37:37,840 But what I found was so infinitely more valuable. 745 01:37:41,560 --> 01:37:46,560 I have met indescribable cruelty. 746 01:37:48,080 --> 01:37:53,240 But also the deepest tenderness. 747 01:38:01,320 --> 01:38:05,080 "He looked to the sky and smiled." 748 01:38:05,480 --> 01:38:12,240 “He thought about how he said goodbye and cried like never before." 749 01:38:13,000 --> 01:38:17,400 “That was several years ago; six or five." 750 01:38:18,200 --> 01:38:22,560 "Then when he left his beloved village." 751 01:38:27,200 --> 01:38:33,520 “Now he was back. This time forever." 752 01:41:08,600 --> 01:41:13,000 Responsible publisher: Mikael Wiström